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A single drop of water is crystal clear, a bathtub full has a slight blue tinge and the amount of water deep enough for an ocean is very blue indeed.
To understand why, you need to remember that a single beam of light is white, but a prism will reveal that that beam contains all the colors of the rainbow. And there are other factors that diminish blue: a gray sky, for instance, or the presence of other things in the water which absorb or scatter other colors, like algae, phosphorus, stirred-up sand and so on.
You want the sun high overhead and strong. To have a really blue sea, what you need is depth, reflection and clarity. Also, what about coral reefs? Hi there, yup, I mentioned that the color of the bottom affects the color of the water, so that would include the things you mentioned, like the color of the sand on the bottom, presence of ash, coral and so on!
I can assure you that the water is amazingly blue. The ship kicked up debris from the bottom and you could still see that the water was blue, it looks like a die is put in it. Pure water and ice have a pale blue color, which is most noticeable at tropical white-sand beaches or in ice caves in glaciers. Green colors are usually derived from algae.
The blueness of the water is neither due to light scattering which gives the sky its blue color nor dissolved impurities such as copper. Because the absorption that gives water its color is in the red end of the visible spectrum, one sees blue, the complementary color of orange, when observing light that has passed through several meters of water.
Due to this green pigment - chlorophyll - phytoplankton preferentially absorb the red and blue portions of the light spectrum for photosynthesis and reflect green light. So, the ocean over regions with high concentrations of phytoplankton will appear as certain shades, from blue-green to green, depending upon the type and density of the phytoplankton population there. The basic principle behind the remote sensing of ocean color from space is this: the more phytoplankton in the water, the greener it is There are other substances that may be found dissolved in the water that can also absorb light.
Since these substances are usually composed of organic carbon, researchers generally refer to these substances as colored dissolved organic matter, CDOM for short.
The study of ocean color helps scientists gain a better understanding of phytoplankton and their impact on the Earth system. These small organisms can affect a system on a very large scale such as climate change.
Phytoplankton use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and in turn provide almost half the oxygen we breathe. The larger the world's phytoplankton population, the more carbon dioxide gets pulled from the atmosphere, hence, the lower the average temperature due to lower volumes of this greenhouse gas.
Scientists have found that a given population of phytoplankton can double its numbers about once per day. In other words, phytoplankton respond very rapidly to changes in their environment. Large populations of these organisms, sustained over long periods of time, could significantly lower atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and, in turn, lower average temperatures. Carbon can be 'stored' in oceanic sediments when organic matter sinks and is buried in the ocean floor.
Understanding and monitoring phytoplankton can help scientists study and predict environmental change. Since phytoplankton depend upon sunlight, water, and nutrients to survive, physical or chemical variance in any of these ingredients over time for a given region will affect the phytoplankton concentrations. Phytoplankton populations grow or diminish rapidly in response to changes in its environment.
Changes in the trends for a given phytoplankton population, such as its density, distribution, and rate of population growth or diminishment, will alert Earth scientists that environmental conditions are changing there. Then, by comparing these phytoplankton trends to other measurements - such as temperature - scientists can learn more about how phytoplankton may be contributing to, and affected by, climatic and environmental change.
Below are several color samples extracted from this image, with a brief explanation of the likely cause of the dominant color. Learn More About This Image. Ocean Color. Near the Bahama Islands, the lighter aqua colors are shallow water where the sunlight is reflecting off of the sand and reefs near the surface. Left Image: Phytoplankton are very small, single-celled plants, generally smaller than the size of a pinhead that contain a green pigment called chlorophyll.
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